Nasal polyps can affect anyone, but they are more common in adults. The exact cause of nasal polyps is not always clear, but they are often associated with:

• Chronic inflammation
• Asthma
• Allergies
• Age
• Family history
• Cystic fibrosis
• Aspirin sensitivity
• Immune disorders

Nasal polyps may not always cause noticeable symptoms, but when present, they can include:

• Sneezing and itchiness (allergy like symptoms)
• Persistent nasal congestion
• Runny nose: continuous & unaffected by common medications
• Reduced sense of smell and taste
• Facial pain/headaches
• Snoring
• Itching around the eyes
• Postnasal drip: excess mucus secretion to the back of the nose running down the throat.

• Medical history and physical examination: Your doctor will inquire about symptoms, medical history, and potential risk factors.
• Nasal endoscopy: Endoscope is used to visualize the nasal passages and sinuses.
• Imaging tests: X-ray for a general overview and CT scan that provide more detailed images of the sinuses, aiding to the diagnostic examination.
• Allergy testing: Identifying and managing underlying allergies contributing to nasal inflammation.
• Nasal swab: Collecting nasal secretions to check for signs of infection.

Additional considerations:

• Rule out underlying conditions: Assessing for conditions like asthma or cystic fibrosis that may contribute to nasal polyp development.
• Biopsy (rare): In certain cases, a small tissue sample (biopsy) may be taken for examination to confirm the diagnosis.

Medications:

• Corticosteroids
• Antihistamines
• Antibiotics
• Aspirin desensitization
• Allergy management

Surgery:

• Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS): Removal of polyps and underlying diseased sinus tissue using endoscopes with different angulation.
• Polypectomy: Surgical removal of polyps using specialized instruments.