Cataracts

Cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye.

Cataract patients see through cloudy lenses, like seeing through a frosty or fogged-up window. It might be difficult to read, drive a car (particularly at night), or see facial expressions when your vision is clouded. The majority of cataracts develop slowly and don’t affect vision at first.

Initially, better lighting and eyeglasses can aid in improving vision. However, cataract surgery is required after visual impairment interferes with daily activities. Cataract surgery is generally regarded as a safe and effective procedure.

Signs and symptoms
Risk factors
Prevention
When to see a doctor

Signs and symptoms

blurry or dim vision
Impaired night vision
Sensitivity to light
Seeing rings or circles around lights
Frequent changes in eyeglasses or contact lens prescription
Color fading or turning yellow
Isolated monocular dizziness (seeing double with one eye)

Risk factors

Age
Diabetes
Excessive exposure to sunlight
Smoking
Obesity
High blood pressure
Previous eye injury or inflammation
Previous eye surgery
Prolonged usage of corticosteroid medicines
Consuming excessive quantities of alcohol

Prevention

Several strategies may be helpful, including:

Routine eye exams
Stop smoking
Manage your other health issues
Choose a nutritious diet
Wear sunglasses
Reduce your alcohol consumption

When to see a doctor

Make an appointment for an eye exam if you notice any changes in your vision. If you develop sudden vision changes, such as double vision or flashes of light, sudden eye pain, or sudden headache, see your doctor as soon as possible.